IBM

IBM's closing equity market capitalization was approximately $209.67 billion on the latest completed U.S. trading day.

IBM introduced a system for composing model adapters into deployable specialized models.

IBM released modular adapter functions for RAG, safety and core model capabilities.

IBM positioned its open Mellea generative-programming library as the runtime for modular Granite adapters.

IBM announced an agentic control plane for deploying and governing agents from multiple sources.

IBM published the 8B base and instruct Granite 4.1 models.

IBM published the 30B base and instruct Granite 4.1 models.

IBM published the 3B base and instruct Granite 4.1 models.

IBM released Granite 4.1 language, vision, speech, embedding and Guardian models under Apache 2.0.

IBM added lifecycle observability, monitoring and policy controls for enterprise agents.

Red Hat introduced a unified platform generation for model training, inference and agent workloads.

IBM launched hybrid Mamba/transformer Granite 4.0 models optimized for efficient agentic workloads.

IBM introduced commercial Spyre accelerator availability for generative and high-volume inference.

IBM expanded Granite with open speech-recognition models for enterprise transcription.

Red Hat introduced an enterprise inference stack based on vLLM for hybrid deployments.

IBM introduced a conversational business-intelligence product grounded in enterprise semantics.

IBM introduced a catalog with more than 150 partner and IBM agents and tools.

IBM expanded watsonx Orchestrate with agent creation, multi-agent orchestration and integrations across business applications.

IBM added the Granite 3.3 8B instruction model to watsonx.ai and open distribution channels.

IBM added the Granite 3.3 2B instruction model to watsonx.ai and open distribution channels.

IBM introduced z17 with Telum II and support for accelerated enterprise inference.

IBM completed the HashiCorp acquisition, adding Terraform and Vault to its hybrid-cloud and AI platform.

IBM released updated compact time-series models for long-range forecasting.

IBM updated its open safety model for detecting risks in prompts and responses.

IBM released a compact vision-language model for document and chart understanding.

IBM released the 8B Granite 3.2 model with controllable reasoning capabilities.

IBM released the 2B Granite 3.2 model with controllable reasoning capabilities.

IBM agreed to acquire DataStax to add vector data, Astra DB and Langflow capabilities to watsonx.

IBM launched an AI-powered delivery platform for consultants and client transformation work.

IBM released open embedding models for enterprise retrieval and semantic search.

IBM expanded Granite with improved language, embedding and safety models.

IBM released its Granite 3.0 8B model with enterprise and agentic capabilities under Apache 2.0.

IBM released its compact Granite 3.0 2B enterprise language model under Apache 2.0.

IBM released Docling for converting complex business documents into structured AI-ready formats.

IBM unveiled Telum II with upgraded on-chip AI acceleration for next-generation mainframes.

IBM released Granite Code models from 3B to 34B parameters under a permissive open-source license.

Red Hat expanded OpenShift AI as the hybrid-cloud operating layer for model development and serving.

Red Hat and IBM introduced InstructLab for community-driven model skills and alignment.

Red Hat introduced RHEL AI as a foundation-model platform for developing, testing and running open models.

IBM agreed to acquire HashiCorp to expand hybrid-cloud automation for infrastructure supporting generative AI.

IBM and Meta convened the AI Alliance to advance open, safe and responsible AI innovation.

IBM released governance tooling for model risk, transparency, compliance and lifecycle oversight.

IBM released generative coding assistants for Red Hat Ansible automation and mainframe application modernization.

IBM Research published a memory-centric neural inference chip designed for high energy efficiency.

IBM made its first 13B Granite enterprise language models available through watsonx.ai.

IBM released the first enterprise-focused Granite language and code models in watsonx.

IBM launched its open lakehouse data store optimized for governed analytics and AI workloads.

IBM began general availability of its foundation-model and machine-learning development studio.

IBM Consulting launched a center with more than 1,000 specialists to support enterprise generative-AI adoption.

IBM Consulting announced a dedicated generative-AI center and delivery practice alongside watsonx.

IBM announced watsonx as an integrated AI and data platform for enterprise foundation-model development and governance.

IBM Research disclosed an AI accelerator built for efficient enterprise inference.

IBM introduced z16 with Telum-powered real-time AI inference for mission-critical transactions.

IBM agreed to sell healthcare data and analytics assets from Watson Health to Francisco Partners.

The Telum announcement established a new generation of IBM infrastructure with integrated AI acceleration.

IBM unveiled Telum with on-chip AI acceleration for high-volume transactional inference.

The completed Red Hat acquisition established the hybrid-cloud and open-source platform underpinning IBM's later AI portfolio.

IBM completed its acquisition of Red Hat to anchor an open hybrid-cloud platform for enterprise software and AI.

IBM Research demonstrated an AI system that generated evidence-backed arguments and debated a human expert.

IBM commercialized enterprise conversational-AI tooling that evolved into watsonx Assistant.

IBM launched an AI-powered enterprise search and document-understanding service.

IBM created Watson Health to apply data and cognitive-computing technologies across healthcare and life sciences.

IBM publicly demonstrated its DeepQA question-answering architecture through the Jeopardy! competition.

IBM Watson defeated champions Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter in the Jeopardy! exhibition, demonstrating large-scale open-domain question answering.

IBM's Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Garry Kasparov in a six-game match.

IBM researchers began foundational work in machine learning, game-playing systems and artificial intelligence during the field's formative era.

The company that became IBM was incorporated as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company.